April 1, 2002
PALESTINIAN STATE OR ISRAELI PROTECTORATE?
This installment was prepared prior to the suicide
bombing
in Netanya, the subsequent Israeli destruction of Arafat's
headquarters, and
his virtual imprisonment in his office building. Nevertheless, I am
leaving the
original text unimpaired because it does not conflict with the
unfolding events
and I shall merely add two paragraphs at the end.
The past month was an anniversary of sorts and unfortunately a sad one.
Hope
springs eternal and this why I had Whither Zionism?
published last March and why I sent it to all the members of the Bush
administration as well as to the Chairmen and members of all the
relevant
committees in the House and Senate. As documented previously in these
pages
this was, of course, a forlorn hope and the book was ignored. A few
days ago I
received a phone call early in the morning (we are two hours behind
Washington
time) from an aide to one of the senators who thanked me for the
"gift" and asked me what the senator was supposed to do with it? At
first, benumbed by sleep, I wasn't sure what he was talking about but
then he
told me that they have "just received the book" and blamed the
anthrax scare for the delay. Unless it went via the North Pole and
Antarctica
it should certainly have arrived prior to September 11. His question
also
puzzled me. What is one supposed to do with a book, especially when
there was
an explanatory letter included, but to read and act on it?
I am not sufficiently conceited to imagine that had the suggestions
contained
in Whither Zionism? been taken up, and had the U.S. placed
the
Arab-Israeli conflict before the Security Council in the spring of last
year,
the tragedies of September 11 and their aftermath would have been
avoided. I do
believe, however, that the ever increasing spiral of violence in the
Mideast
could have been reduced. Still permeated by the hope that if
the
American people were to be told the truth about the reasons why Arafat
had
rejected the Camp David II plan with its "unprecedented"
offer to return about 96 per cent of the West Bank to the Palestinians,
I
wrote in January of this year an article for the Salt Lake Tribune, in
which I
outlined the reasons for the rejection and a plan that could bring some
semblance of sanity to the area. It took several
communications with
the Editor of the paper until the article was published in full (!) and
unedited (!), except for a change in the headline, by the Tribune.
Obviously
the Tribune is neither the New York Times nor the Washington Post but
the
individual citizen and taxpayer have no other recourse except at the
"grass roots" level. Once it was published I faxed it to our
President, Secretary of State Powell, and Condoleeza Rice. It
probably
ended up in the proverbial circular file.
In essence the article gave the reasons why the Palestinians
had to
reject the Israeli-American proposal for the Final Settlement.
They
were abstracted from the documents section of www.mideastweb.org
and
the updated edition of The Israel-Arab Reader by Laqueur and
Rubin.
The most important features for rejection were:
1) Israeli settlements would remain in the proposed Palestinian
state, albeit concentrated in three blocks; but access roads
would be
under Israeli control.
2) Israel would continue to control the water resources of the
Jordan
River and an Israeli security zone would exist along its west
bank.
Israel could deploy its troops in the Jordan valley at any
time if it
felt itself threatened from the East.
3) The proposed state would not have had contiguous borders
but
would have consisted essentially of a series of
unconnected
municipalities.
4) The Palestinian areas of Jerusalem which Israel
was willing
to cede would likewise not have had contiguous borders but would
have
remained islands within the Jewish city.
5) Border crossings with Jordan and Egypt would be
under
Palestinian control but under Israeli supervision.
6) The Palestinian state would be demilitarized and alliances
with other countries would be subject to Israeli
approval.
7) Israel would accept some refugees from previous
wars but
the rest would have to be absorbed elsewhere.
In sum and substance Arafat would have become the mayor of
several
unconnected municipalities within an Israeli protectorate.
Since this
plan falls far short from the creation of a viable independent state
the
Palestinians rejected it. If these conditions had been
presented by the
U.N. in 1947 to the Jews in Palestine, for their state, they would also
have
rejected it.
Prime Minister Sharon, with a flair for the dramatic,
has
recently evoked the analogy of Israel being placed into the position of
Czechoslovakia because the Munich agreement which led to the
dismemberment and subsequent disappearance of the state was reached
over the
heads of the Czech government. This is the fate, Mr. Sharon announced,
which
would befall Israel if it were to accede to a truly autonomous and
viable
Palestinian state. The irony of this statement seems to have
eluded him.
It is not the Palestinians who are armed to the teeth with the most
modern
weapons, but it is the Likud government and its sympathizers
who want a
"Protectorate of Judea and Samaria." It would have essentially the
same rights and privileges Hitler had arrogated to himself over "rump
Czechoslovakia" which became the "Reichs-protectorate of Bohemia and
Moravia." Hitler's ostensible reasons were security because he
didn't want Soviet planes using Czech airfields. For the Israeli
government
security is also the reason put forth for its demands although there is
no army
in the area which can succeed against Israeli conventional and nuclear
might.
These are no secrets but the Israeli and especially the
American public
have to be told that Israel is in mortal danger of being wiped off the
map, by
the combined Arab forces if it were to make any concessions which would
be
interpreted as weakness. Let's face it this is
propaganda
because the Arabs simply don't have the wherewithal and if they tried
they
would be annihilated by America. What is behind this
scare-mongering?
The status quo has to be retained and somehow or another the
Palestinians
should just disappear, or at least give up their suicidal behavior.
Even one of our currently most esteemed Newscasters endorses this
principle.
Bill O'Reilly repeatedly states on his "No Spin Factor" that
he is "not interested in causes" he simply wants
Palestinians to stop killing Israelis during suicide missions. As a
physician
this stance strikes me as strange. If Mr. O'Reilly, and those
who think
like him, were to suffer from a chronic cough and the physician would
say
"I don't care why you cough, just stop it because you're spreading
germs," the answer would be a malpractice suit! This also
reminded me of my psychiatric training at the Mayo Clinic where I was
taught
the principles of psychoanalytic thought. Among these
was the
admonition that "everything is always the opposite from what it appears
to
be." For instance a good natured jolly, obese person is really consumed
by
deep hatred and depression. In addition we were told that a patient
with some
type of undesirable behavior, be it alcoholism, a sexual obsession, or
whatnot,
would first have to give up his compulsion and then could be taken into
treatment. In my naiveté I thought to myself that if the patient
can do it
voluntarily why does he need years of psychoanalysis?
Little did I know, in the early nineteen fifties, that psychoanalytic
thought would enter world politics. Suicide bombings must stop
before
treatment of the reasons for these disasters can begin, is not only
Israel's
but America's stance! Like everybody else I don't condone
suicide
bombings but when young women join their ranks one really should look
at the
depth of despair which drives these people. What they
need is
not the stern words of "stop it" by our President but
the ingredient without which people cannot live and that is genuine
hope for a better future in freedom and dignity.
Unfortunately this may not be in the cards as the Beirut
meeting
has shown where they were put on the table for everybody to read. Sharon
threatened Arafat with not letting him return if he said one word
Israelis
could disapprove of. This killed the Saudi "vision" as far as
Israel was concerned. But the Arabs also tipped their hand.
They did
not allow Arafat to address the meeting live through remote TV hookup
but only
via a taped recording. Thus the Arabs showed themselves far
from united
in giving aid to the Palestinian cause. Finally it became clear that President
Bush was not seriously interested either in a genuine attempt to
resolve the
conflict. He could have authorized General Zinni to
put Arafat
in a U.S. helicopter, take him to Beirut, and then bring him back again
to
Ramallah. This would have been statesmanship. But this course,
which
would have shown the world that America means business and is indeed an
"honest broker," would have annoyed Sharon and since he is "our
friend" we must not do so.
Thus the Saudi plan, is probably doomed and so is my own
suggestion
contained in the Tribune article. Sharon will take the Arab
disarray
and the tacit approval of his policies by the U.S. as a green light to
go ahead
with re-occupation of major portions of the West Bank and Gaza.
The
Palestinians will have to live under military law and those who don't
like it
will be shot. The Arabs are not likely to answer
militarily,
because they can't win, but they will use the only weapon they
have -
their oil. A boycott of exports to America would have serious
repercussions on our economy, which still reels from the aftershocks of
September 11 in form of increased defense spending both at home and
abroad.
But even if the Israelis were to annex Judea and Samaria, as
some like
to call it, as well as the Gaza strip, what is to be done with the
people?
Contrary to Golda Meyer's opinion of "there are no Palestinians,"
they do exist and will continue to blow themselves up while taking as
many
Israelis as humanly possible with them. For "security" the
Israelis will give up all hope for peace and will end up even more
beleaguered
than they are now. Even if they were able to expel the
Palestinians
from the occupied territories, which is not likely to be condoned by
the rest
of the world, they would have their own Arab citizens within Israel to
deal
with who may create even worse havoc in the state.
My own suggestion as to how to prevent the disasters,
we seem
to be inexorably sliding into, was quite simple. Only
a complete
separation of Jews from Arabs in separate states with internationally
guaranteed borders has any chance of preventing future
catastrophes.
There are about five million Jews in Israel at this
time and
about 15 million in the world. Even if one were to
assume a
phenomenal birth and immigration rate, which is not likely, and
the
country's population were to swell to about ten million in the next
decades
this would still amount only to the population of Rio de Janeiro.
Furthermore, how much land do ten million people who are
predominantly
urban in character really need? Theoretically it
would be entirely
feasible to create a purely Jewish state as a garden megalopolis which
extends
along the Mediterranean shore from Nahariya in the North to the Gaza
strip in
the South. The eastern border could be fixed along the hill country.
This would still give the Jewish state the high ground for defensive
positions
and the state would receive international guarantees for its existence.
The settlements
would have to be disbanded because they will always
be a point
of friction. The Dimona nuclear plant could be reconfigured
to peaceful atomic energy production which would make Israel
largely
independent of Arab oil and desalination plants on the
Mediterranean
could provide the needed water resources. For Jerusalem
the initial U.N. idea of a corpus separatum
could be enacted. The rest of the current state of Israel
could become
the Palestinian state which could under those circumstances absorb
the refugees from the previous wars. A connection
between the
Gaza strip and the rest of the Palestinian state could be
established
by the creation of a tunnel from the south end of the West
bank to the
north end of the Gaza strip. A tunnel is preferable to a road
which
would have to traverse Israeli land and could be disrupted at any time.
With a
tunnel entry as well as exit would be under Palestinian control and
contiguity
of territory would be preserved. Although a tunnel would present an
engineering
challenge a precedent exists in form of the "chunnel" which connects
Calais with Dover. The Golan Heights would return to Syria
and
the remaining enclaves of Lebanese territory which
are still
held by Israel would go back to Lebanon. This
would
immediately produce peace treaties with Syria as well as Lebanon and
the major
friction points, which threaten to ignite the Mideast would disappear. There
is little doubt that all the Arab states as well as the Palestinians
would
accept a solution of this type. Israel will oppose it because it
involves
significant concessions. Neither Israel nor the Arabs can be
expected
to come to a meaningful lasting agreement. The car is stuck in the mud
of
mutual hatred and it needs AAA to pull it out. Only the United States
can do
so. If the Bush administration were to bring a plan
of this
type, with appropriate input from experts for details, to the Security
Council
it would in all probability be adopted because the rest of the world
wants an
end to this conflict, which threatens the welfare of all of us.
Could America bring about a genuine peace solution as suggested above?
Yes, if
the will were there. But the will is
obviously
lacking!
As mentioned in the beginning, the situation in the West Bank is
currently in
flux. Nevertheless a picture begins to emerge. Arafat may not
survive
very long and we may never hear the truth as to how he died.
The
Palestinians will probably say that he was murdered by the Israelis,
while the
Israelis may announce that he has committed suicide. But that does not
matter. With
his death Sharon will have achieved his goal of plunging the
Palestinian
Authority into chaos, which will foreclose any peace
negotiations. He does not want a Palestinian state, and
neither does
his likely successor Netanyahu. By creating chaos in
the occupied
territories the Israeli government can
then appoint
"Quisling" type mayors of the various municipalities in the
West Bank and Gaza who will cooperate with the occupation. This, of
course,
will not stop fanatic young Palestinians of either sex to
continue with
guerilla warfare against the "Quislings" as well as the Israelis.
Terrorism will abound and since America not only has done nothing to
prevent
this situation, but obviously supports Sharon, we will be targets also.
This much seems reasonably predictable.
In the United States there is currently only
hand
wringing by the media with "but what can we do?" The
signals Secretary Powell and President Bush are sending are
inane. To tell Sharon that his actions are correct and Arafat,
who is
virtually imprisoned, must call off suicide attacks is not a
serious
policy. These statements are designed to placate the media
and the
American public, but are otherwise useless. The U.N.
Resolution which
calls on Israel to withdraw its forces has no teeth
and can be complied with, on a token basis, by Sharon. The
United
States need to introduce a Resolution which in principle conforms to
the Saudi
plan, or to that of the mentioned Tribune
article, and
subsequently tell the Israeli government that if they do not accept it,
there
will be no further aid from the United States or NATO countries. An
action of
this type seems to be the only way to prevent further disasters and is
in the
long run the best chance for Israelis to live in peace with
their neighbors. The reason why America is not taking
constructive
action will be discussed in the next installment.
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